Kingdom of Polonnaruwa location SriLanka

Introduction

The second capital (846 AD-1302 AD) of Sri Lanka, which in its prime was protected by 6 km of strong encircling walls. Strategically it commanded all the crossings over the longest & largest river of the island, River Mahaweli. Polonnaruwa's extensive & well-preserved ruins offer a fascinating snapshot of ancient Sri Lanka, including some of the finest monuments.

Ruins of the Buddhist places

Gal viharaya (Temple)

The “gal vihare” is a rock temple of the Buddha situated in north central Sri Lanka. It was contracted in Polonnaruwa in the 12th century by “parakkramabahu” the great. His architects excavated the shrine & the left an inscription describing their work. The central attraction of the shrine are four large Statue of the Buddha, which were carved in to the tace of a granite boulder by “parakkramabahu`s” architects.

VATADAGEYA (Temple)

The Vatadage at Polonnaruwa is the most famous. As with many other vatadage, it had a “stupa” (Kind of steps) in the centre with four Buddha images facing the cardinal directions. The Vatadage, one of the oldest & most beautiful monuments in Polonnaruwa, is to our left as we enter the “Dalada Maluwa”. It was certainly intended to house the Sacred Tooth Relic of Buddha, which is now deposited at The Sacred Temple of Tooth in Kandy. Built by King “Parakrambahu” the great (1164-1196AD), it was later embellished by King “Nissankamalla” (1198-1206).

Guard stone in Vatadage

Most of the dagoba (stupa) and one of its guard stones at the base of the steps among many other features & surrounding buildings to the marauding Dravidian invaders from South India.

Moonstone in Vatadage

The moonstones- elaborate semi-circular welcome step stones carved in polished granite- represent the spiritual journey from “samsara”, the endless cycle of death & rebirth, to Nirvana(End of the birth), the ultimate escape from suffering. These were unique decorative features of Sinhalese architecture. The moonstone at the northern entrance is the finest in Polonnaruwa.

Hatadage (Kind of a Temple)

Immediately north of the Vatadage is the Hatadage. Another tooth reliquary building, this was constructed in the reign of King Nissankamalla.

Atadage

This is the Atadage, the ruin of a tooth relic shrine. Built during the reign of 1st Vijayabahu.

Kiri Vehera (Kind of a temple)

Next to the Lankatilaka is the Kiri Vihara (Milk white temple).The best preserved of Polonnaruwa's stupas. Aptly named, this large dagoba’s whitewashed plaster has survived seven centuries of abandonment to the jungle between the collapse of the Polonnaruwa kingdom and its rediscovery in the 19th century by the British colonialists.

The construction of this dagoba is credited to “Subhadra”, Parakrambahu's queen.

Rankoth Vehara (Kind of a Temple)

The largest “dagoba (Religious Statue)” in Polonnaruwa. This building is the hub of the group of buildings known as the “Alahana Pirivena” ('Crematory College') group which formed part of a monastic college during the reign of king Parakramabahu the great.

Thuparama (Kind of a Temple)

From the southwest corner of the Quadrangle, is the Thuparama. A fine example of the “gedige” style of temple architecture which flourished at Polonnaruwa. The only one to survive with its roof still in place.

Lankathilake

Built by King “Parakramabahu” the great in 12th century. In the past there were five buildings. But now we can see only two buildings.

Ruins of Royal castles & Monuments

The Royal Palace

In the center of the complex are the ruins of the Royal Palace. It Built by King Parakramabahu the great (1164-1196 AD). It was a massive wood and stone structure seven storey in height, with a floor plan of 31m by13m (100ft by 43ft).The upper floors were of wood, and only the massive, 3m (10ft) thick lower walls survive.

Royal Bathing Pool

Next to the Audience Hall is the Kumara “Pokuna” (Royal Bathing Pool). This was fed with water from the stream which runs through the palace grounds

Latha Mandapaya

West of the Vatadage is the Latha Mandapaya, miniature dagoba encircled by stone columns topped with carved lotus buds. It is surrounded by a carved stone trellis. It was built by king Nissankamalla.

Audience Hall

Immediately to the east of the Palace stands the Audience Hall used by the kings of Polonnaruwa to summon the nobles of the kingdom and to meet the emissaries from foreign rulers. Finely sculpted stone lions seated at the top of the steps leading into the hall were symbols of royal power.

The Medicine Boat

The medicine boat: The stone medicinal bath which looks unnervingly like a sarcophagus is a common feature as seen in all the ancient hospitals of Lanka.

Stone inscriptions: The stone medicinal oil bath is a common feature as seen in all the ancient hospitals of Lanka.

Siva Devale (Kind of Hindu Religious thing)

Immediately north of the Royal Palace complex is the Siva Devale. In 13th-century this was built as a Hindu temple. The technical skills of its builders are evident from the fine, precisely cut stonework of its walls.

Sathmahal Prasada

In the northeast corner of the Quadrangle are the ruins of “Satmahal Prasada”. A six-storey, pagoda-like building which is unlike anything else in Sri Lanka. It has left archaeologists bowled out as to its origin.

Hotels

HOTEL SUDU ARALIYA
New Town
Polonnaruwa
Sri Lanka
Tel: +94 (0) 27 2225406, 2225407
Fax: +94 (0) 27 2224848
E-mail: hotelaraliya@mail.ewisl.net

Read More...

PC Migration Utility: "PCmover" Transfer PC Programs and File within 10 minutes

By using this PCmover can transfer all the Soft wares and data (Music files, Word file etc) of the computer to another computer as it is. After transfer data and Soft wares from Commuter 1 to Computer 2. The two computers look like same. This Software made by “laplink” Software Company.

When you buy a new computer or when you change your computer, you want to transfer all the folders, files, soft wares to new computer. There are some ways to do this but they are lot of time consuming, but with PCmover it can be done within few minutes. So PCmover is a bridge between computers to data transferring.



This PCmover can be use in any windows Operating systems to data transferring. To transfer data, first there should be a connection between two computers, for this the two computers should in the same NETWORK or the two computers should connect with a special cable.

When the computers are not the same network, we can use a cable to connect each computer USB ports. When you buy the software you can also buy a cable with it.

First we should install the PCmover software in both computers, and then should have to build a connection between two computers (By USB port or LAN). Then run the PCmover program in the old computer, and then we have to select, what are the data should be transfer to new computer. Then transfer the data.

With this software can transfer Microsoft Office, Graphic soft wares, PC games, Image, Audio, Video files, Internet favorite links, Desktop image, and the shortcut items of the desktop can transfer as it be in the old computer to new computer. Any amount of data PCmover takes less than 10 minutes.

Read More...

Free Software From Microsoft DreamSpark

Microsoft decided to give free Software packages for Students. “DreamSpark” is the one of program to give free packages. These days Microsoft offering newest their technology free in Dreamspark. Microsoft chairman Bill Gates said that this we done for the future of the world. Currently there are so many countries in the world involving this DreamSpark.

The High school students and University students can apply Microsoft for free soft wares, Then Microsoft providing new Software development tools like “Visual studio” for them.

In DreamSpark the registered student can free download Microsoft Expression Studio, Games Studio, Robotics Studio and additionally Visual Studio, SQL Server, Virtual PC. Etc.

So many developing countries Student cannot afford a lot of money for buying Software, so the skillful students couldn’t use their skill because they haven’t enough resources, to overcome this problem mainly Microsoft decide to provide free sort wares. Also by proving new technologies the developing country students, they can build their skills for modern IT world. Presently Dreamspark famous among the students around the world.

But some people said that Microsoft not just only expecting the development of the students but they try to fight with the open source soft wares like Linux soft wares.

Read More...

Ireland Best Tourist Attractions Cliffs Of Moher, Awesome place to travel

This Cliffs of Moher is in Ireland, South from the Doolin village. This Cliffs are the biggest tourist attraction in Ireland. This cliffs rising slowly from Doolin village and cliffs rise 120 meters above from the Atlantic Ocean at the Hag’s Head, and reach to maximum of 214 meters just North of O’Brien’s Tower, 8 km away. O’Brien Tower is the mid point of these cliffs.

The Ireland Cliffs mainly consist of Namurian Shale and sandstone. Also there are so many Sea birds place their nest on the Cliffs. Some of them are Atlantic Puffin, Razorbill, Chough, Common gull.

This place is very famous all around the world, so the government of Ireland builds this site for visitors. Also in there some Ferry boat trips allow visitors to watch the Cliffs from sea level. Also this place taken for so many films and other entertainment stuff, in 2009 “Harry Potter and Half-Blood Prince” also featured in this Cliffs. In this place there is a surfing route also Suffers travel by “Jetski” to “Doolin” the wave of the bottom of cliffs can be 35 ft high.

There are so many routes to Cliffs of Moher,

There are so many Accommodation facilities are arranging near the Cliffs some Hotel details.

Sea View House: +353 657074826

Doonmacfelim House: +353 657074503

Read More...

True Story Behind the World End in 2012

First Of All I have to tell that 2012 December 21 the world will never be End. In 2012 December it will be a cool winter. So in 2012 there is no any threat for Earth as most of the Scientists said that Earth will be fine more than 4 billion years with out any harm.

This “End of the world” prediction story started from “Niburu”, “Niburu” is a planet and some are said that it headed to earth and it will contact with Earth then worlds End in 2003 May. But in 2003 there was no any harm for world then it moved to 2012. Then another fact came to front that the ancient Mayans calendar will end in 2012 December 21. So this “Niburu” case and Mayans calendar case connected and this Prediction of worlds end came to the stage.

Mayans calendar will not end in 2012, But 2012 December 21 Mayans Long count period will end then another Long count period will start. And there’s no any planet alignment in next decades, which is guaranteed by the Scientists. Also the “Niburu” planet story is a gossip in the internet. It is not exist. Also if there’s something like that it would catch by the astronomers.

There is a theory called polar shift theory, but the rotation of the Earth 180 degrees is impossible. There is a small rotation, but it is not this. A Magnetic reversal is not happening in next million years, and there is no harm to people in the Earth. Also there is no any harm to Earth by asteroids in 2012, After “Dinosaur Destroyed” asteroid before 65 million ago, there is no any big asteroid headed to earth.

We should not afraid of 2012 it is just another innovation year for all human beans.

Read More...

New Programming Language, “Google Go”

Computers are always trying to solve problems. We solve problems by using a computer understandable language; it’s called a programming language. There are so many programming languages are available for programmers to write codes. The Google also created a new programming language called “Google Go” to solve problems in an easy way. As Google said”Google Go” is a program language that combines all the good properties of other languages. Such as Java is easy to right codes, C is good for memory usage. Like wise “Google Go” combines all the good properties of other programming languages. Most of the programmer said that “Go” is a combination of Python and C++ and also this is an open source programming language.

“Go” first implementation started before 12 years ago. In 2007 September 21 this started rapid development and 2009 November 13 publish this language.
Some features of “Go”, this compilers produce very fast code. Compared with C, this is better. Also this is very type safe & memory safe language. This language deal with the concurrent issues. And also this is very joyful language with so many methods in any type, fast builds.




Hello World Program

package main

import "fmt"
func main()
{
fmt.Printf("Hello World")
}

Save it as helloworld.go
Then compile it.

$ gccgo helloworld.go
$ a.out

Read More...

Climb mt Kilimanjaro, best hikes in your life

This Kilimanjaro Mountain is located in Tanzania-Africa (Inside the Kilimanjaro National park Tanzania). Kenya is located north to the mountain. This Kilimanjaro has 3 volcano cones, Kibo (5895 m), Mawensi (5149 m) and Shira (3962 m). Kilimanjaro is the tallest free standing mountain in the world, it rising 4600 m also this is the highest mountain in the Africa 5895 m (Uhuru peak). This is an inactive mountain.

Kilimanjaro is a volcano that began forming a million years age. Now this volcano is inactive and the last major eruption has been dates to 360000 years ago. Most recent one is 200 years ago. This mountain covered with glacial ice and it loosing quickly due to the climate changes. In past most landslides occurred in Kibo (Western beach). In the research of 2003 researchers found that the molten magma is 400 m below the summit crater.

To climb Kilimanjaro there are some good routes. Two of them are more popular with hikers. Marangu route is also known as Coca cola route, this route takes 5-6 days to climb. In first days it is not difficult to climb but with the sun rise the journey get complicated. Less experienced climbers have lower chance to reach the summit.

Machame route also same as Marangu route, it takes 7-8 days. But it has higher chance to reach the summit. Rongai route is good but it is in remote area.

For any further details call to these numbers

Mt Kilimanjaro Logue

Phone: +1(503)528-1005

Fax:+1(503)288-2424

Have fun by hiking Kilimanjaro

Read More...

Worlds Most Poison Deadly Animal, Box Jellyfish

Attack By jellyfish

Box jellyfish is the most venomous animal in the world. This jelly fish can found in Asia and Australia especially Northern Australia, Papua New Guinea, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines and Thailand oceans. Since 1954 it is recorded that 5567 death by box jellyfish attack. This Jellyfish’s venom is very deadly one. This jelly fish’s poison is very painful, some survivors from this jellyfish said that the pain will not over among weeks.

This jellyfish venom attacks to nervous system, heart and skin cells. Survive from the jellyfish venom is very difficult because it attacks the body very rapidly, if treated immediately there may be a chance. Vinegar is the immediate treatment for this, by applying vinegar the jelly’s nematocysts not go into stream.


In north Australia between October & May there are highest risk period of attack by jelly fish. Similarly with calm and light water there is highest risk of attacking a jelly. Beware from jelly when you go to Swim in the sea.

Read More...

World Fastest Bird, Spine-tailed Swift

This spine-tailed swift bird’s recorded maximum speed of this bird is 171 km/h. Also this bird known as White-throat ed Needletail. This bird common in eastern and northern Australia. Spine-tailed swift feeds with flying insects such as termites, beetles. This bird’s long curved wings helps to fly very fast. Capable of drink water in flight is the most amazing thing about this Spine-tailed swift.

Read More...